Thursday, December 31, 2020

Dec. 30/2020

Feature:

Groundhogs dig up bones at Montreal Cemetery

   "MONTREAL- When Michelle McSweeney saw a groundhog crawl into an above-ground tomb at Montreal's Notre-Dame-des-Neiges cemetery, it was hard not to be freaked out...

   Groundhogs have long been a common sight around the city, where their scurrying presence may delight wildlife-watchers but constitutes a nuisance for gardeners tired of filling in burrow holes...

   Daniel Granger, a spokesman for the cemetery, says workers 'occasionally' come across bones that have been unearthed by groundhogs. 

   'Not every day, but it happens a few times in the summer,' he said.

   When it happens, he said the bones are collected & reburied in the same spot where they are found, & the burrows are sealed. 

   McSweeney, who has visited the cemetery about 10 times a year for the past 5 or 6 years, says she's seen bones next to groundhog holes on 2 occasions, both about 2 years ago...

   'For me it was mostly surprising & a little sad, but it's not totally unexpected given how many holes & how deep the holes are,' she said...

   McSweeney says she sees at least 10 groundhogs every time she visits the cemetery, & feels their numbers have increased in the last couple of years.

   Granger, on the other hand, doesn't believe the problem is getting worse...

   But he noted there have been fewer foxes sighted on the mountain in recent years, which might have helped a groundhog population boom...

   David Rodrigue, a biologist with the Ecomuseum Zoo west of Montreal, says groundhogs are an 'edge species' that need open ground to dig in but also places to hide, such as bushes or shrubs.

   'If you look at the cemetery, it's actually perfect habitat all around,' he said.

   Rodrigue said groundhogs have teeth that are constantly growing, & they need to chew on things to keep them pared down, including wood or even bones if they find them...

   Granger said there's not much the cemetery can do about the groundhogs besides plugging their holes, because city rules prevent more drastic action...

   McSweeney says the wildlife at the cemetery is a big part of its appeal..."

Morgan Lowrie

The Canadian Press

in The Gazette, Montreal

Sept. 14/2020

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Wednesday, December 23, 2020

Dec. 23/2020

Feature:

There's a new addition at the Miami Zoo: a baby giant anteater

"(CNN) The Miami Zoo has a new resident.

A male giant anteater was born December 8, its mother's birthday...

The arrival of Ziggy Ebenezer wasn't all smooth sailing.

On one of the coldest nights of the year in Florida, the adult female abandoned the baby in the corner of their enclosure. The newborn was weak & cold...& was immediately taken to the zoo hospital & put in intensive care.

The team did not think that Ziggy would survive. But he slowly became more responsive as he got warmer, & within 48 hours he was strong enough to be reintroduced to his mother. Still, the mother began to reject him, & Ziggy was returned to the hospital to receive care.

'It continues to gain strength & its distinct black & white coat is beginning to grow in,' the zoo said...

'Zoo veterinarians are cautiously optimistic that the baby has overcome the most serious challenges of its first few days & are hoping that the improvements continue though there are still obstacles ahead as there would be for any infant in this situation.'

Giant anteaters are the largest of the 4 species of anteaters & can reach 6-8 feet, according to the zoo's website. They are native to Central & South America & are listed as vulnerable, with their greatest threat being habitat loss.

The animal is commonly called the 'ant bear' & has tongues that can be 2 feet long to lick up to 150 ants or termites a minute.

They use their strong powerful front claws to fend off predators, like jaguars, since they have no teeth."

                                             

Lauren M Johnson

CNN.com

December 22, 2020

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Wednesday, December 16, 2020

Dec. 16/2020

Feature:

8 Surprising Facts About Pigs

"Pigs are among the most versatile animals humans have domesticated. While they're often stereotyped as gluttonous, dirty, & not particularly bright, anyone familiar with actual pigs knows they're incredibly intelligent & complex creatures. Here are some fun, surprising facts about pigs.

1. Humans Domesticated Pigs at 2 Different Times, in 2 Different Places

...2 different cultures thousands of miles apart domesticated wild pigs, or boars. Near what is now modern-day Turkey, settlers domesticated wild boars that came to their villages for scraps of food about 10,000 years ago. Research also indicates that around 8,000 years ago, wild pigs were domesticated in China's Mekong Valley.

2. Pigs Developed a Dirty Reputation

Despite their domestication & usefulness, pigs fell out of favor to a certain degree around 3,000 years ago. The Old Testament of the Bible, specifically the Book of Leviticus, deemed pigs 'unclean' & forbade the consumption of pig productions. The Quran followed suit in the 7th century. While theories abound as to why pigs were held in low esteem, the likeliest reason is that pigs are happy to consume just about anything, including decaying food & even feces.

3. The Pig Holds a Place in the Chinese Zodiac

The pig is the 12th symbol in the 12-year cycle of the Chinese zodiac...The pig, having gotten hungry & then sleepy during the race, was the last to arrive at a meeting called by the Jade Emperor, according to folklore.

4. Pigs Can Save Human Lives

...Pigs' heart valves are used to make valves for humans. According to Harvard Health Publishing, these valves last around 15 years & typically don't require the use of anti-clotting drugs as mechanical valves do...

                                           

5. Pig Are Intelligent, Emotional Creatures

A review of pig studies published in the International Journal of Comparative Psychology
suggests pigs have a complex psychology that we're only now beginning to understand. 'Pigs display consistent behavioral & emotional characteristics that have been described variously as personality. e.g., coping styles, response types, temperament, & behavioral tendencies,' the authors wrote.

The review also found that pigs respond to each other's emotions. 'Emotional contagion in pigs involve[s] responses to other pigs' anticipation of positive or negative events, revealing the importance of social factors in emotion.'

6. They Even Use Tools

Ecologist Meredith Root-Bernstein was studying some special pigs in France when she noticed a behavior that had never been noted before. Visayan warty pigs were using sticks & bark scraps to build nests...These specific pigs are endangered, which is why she was studying them in a zoo environment, but the unprompted behavior counts, according to Root-Bertstein. The nest building doesn't happen all the time, only every 6 months or so when the pigs are expecting the arrival of piglets.

7. Pigs Don't Really Sweat

...the truth is pigs don't sweat a lot. Sweat is a way warm-blooded animals keep cool, but they need functional sweat glands to do that. Pigs have the glands, but they don't work well. This is why pigs will roll around in mud to keep cool.

8. Pigs Have Crummy Vision but a Great Sense of Smell

Pigs can see things along the sides of their head- useful for spotting food, other pigs, & potential predators-but they're not great at seeing what's right in front of them. They make up for this poor frontal vision with an excellent sniffer. They can use their snouts to detect food, & thanks to a little extra muscle that gives it flexibility, the snout also can root out food."

Treehugger.com

Noel Kirkpatrick

August 12/2020

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Thursday, December 10, 2020

Dec. 9/2020

Feature:

10 COOL SIMILARITIES DOMESTIC CATS HAVE WITH BIG CATS

“…Scientists believe that all of today’s house cats evolved from a common ancestor. The most accepted theory is that millions of years ago, the feline lineage split, & we eventually ended up with the big cats in the wild & the small pets that prefer our living rooms over fending for themselves. And while a lot can happen in 10 million years, studies show house cats & tigers share 95.6% of their DNA. That number equates to a lot of similarities, & it’s fascinating to compare the cat napping in your sink to a leopard lounging in a tree.

Domestic cats & big cats have a lot in common. Here are some of the most interesting similarities.

1. They’re natural-born hunters.

All you have to do is look at a big cat & domestic cat to see their anatomical similarities. Their bodies are built generally the same, just different sizes. They have powerful legs, flexible backs, sharp claws, & teeth. All of those components work together to make all cats skilled hunters.

And their hunting abilities aren’t all physical. All types of cats possess a natural instinct that tells them the most successful ways to stalk & take down prey. Lions, tigers, cheetahs, leopards, & all the other big cats hunt to survive. Tabbies, tuxies, & calicos can hunt for food if they need to, but they mostly do it because it’s fun & instinctual.

2. They like to rub against things.

House cats rub against our legs, the furniture, trees, the walls—basically everything they can. We tend to consider this a cute attention-seeking behavior, but it has a more practical purpose. What they’re actually doing is rubbing their scent on things they consider part of their property or territory.

The rubbing allows your cat to leave behind scent markers that tell other cats to steer clear. Out in the wild, big cats do the same thing. They mark the boundaries of their territories by rubbing on trees, rocks, & each other.

3. They have the same (ideal) diets.

A tiger will probably turn their nose up to the hard kibble your cat regularly eats, but both big cats & house cats are carnivores. They survive on high protein diets & don’t need to eat things like fruits or vegetables. In fact, their bodies have trouble processing plants. 

It would be inhumane to subject a cat to a vegetarian diet as they’re obligate carnivores, & the most species-appropriate diet for house cats is actually raw meat. You won’t catch a lion grazing on grass, & while your house cat might nibble on some green stuff, it’s not a necessary part of their nutrition.

4. They like to scratch.

Those claw marks on the wooden table legs & the shredded fabric on the couch are consequences of your cat’s natural instinct to scratch. They do it to file their nails, & it’s also another way to mark their territory. The physical marks & the scents left behind from the glands in their paws act as effective ‘no trespassing’ signs.

In the wild, there is no spray bottle to stop wild cats from putting claw marks in anything they want. They do it for all the same reasons as your house cat. But for them, it’s more serious. Protecting their territory is a matter of life or death.

5. They follow the same sleep cycle.

You aren’t a cat person until you’ve been woken up at 4 AM by a crazy cat doing sprints down the hallway. It happens because cats are crepuscular creatures. This means they’re most active between dusk & dawn.

In the wild, the low light of dusk & the darkness of night is the ideal time to hunt. A big cat’s eyes allow them to see in the dark a lot better than most of their prey. They use the lighting to their advantage, & when the sun is high in the sky, you’ll likely find them napping. Just like house cats, big cats love their naps & can sleep an average of 15 hours a day.

6. Their claws are retractable.

In addition to being sharp & potentially deadly, almost all species of cat (big & small) have retractable claws. The cheetah is the only species with semi-retractable claws, & that’s because they use them to burst into high speeds at a moment’s notice.

…Claws come out when the cat is hunting or climbing. And when they’re resting or walking on solid ground, the claws retract to protect them from wear & tear.

7. They have saggy bellies.

A life of luxury puts a lot of house cats at risk of being overweight, but those saggy bellies aren’t always about too much food & not enough exercise. Cats have what’s called a primordial pouch that hangs down in front of their hind legs. This extra flap of skin & fat has nothing to do with a cat’s weight.

Both house cats & big cats have primordial pouches for practical purposes. The flap of skin act as padding to protect their vital organs during fights, & it also stretches to allow more flexible movements while running & jumping…

8. They like to play.

There are no catnip mice or feather wands in the wild, but that doesn’t stop big cats from playing like carefree house cats. Young cats usually like to play more than their adult relatives, but age isn’t as much a factor as you might think.

Big cat cubs play with each other to learn basic skills just like kittens wrestle with their litter mates. Big cats in sanctuaries & zoos have even proven their love of play by being curious about things like boxes & laser pointers. Big or small, it seems no feline can resist a good play session. 

9. They have rough tongues.

You either love or hate the sandpaper feeling of your cat’s tongue against your skin…a cat’s tongue is covered in little backward-facing barbs called papillae. Those little barbs help detangle knots & lift out debris from a cat’s fur. They also tickle your skin when your cat decides to turn their grooming attentions toward you.

Hopefully you never get close enough to feel the swipe of a big cat’s tongue. But if you do, you’d feel the similarities between that wild animal’s tongue & that of your friendly house cat’s. Lions, tigers, jaguars, & all the other big cats have the same barbs on their tongues as domestic cats. The rough texture helps with grooming & also pulls meat off the bones of their prey.

10. They knead.

…This adorable kneading behavior starts when cubs & kittens move their little paws while nursing to stimulate milk flow. And as they get bigger, the habit turns into a signal of relaxed contentment.

Whether that baby grows to be a 10-pound house cat or a 600-pound tiger, that kneading behavior sticks with them. No one knows for sure why this behavior follows cats into adulthood, but scientists have observed big cats kneading both in the wild & in captivity.

Big or small, domestic or wild, cats of all kinds are part of the same family. So the next time you look at your feline friend, it won’t be hard to imagine them living life in the wild.”

Amber King

Catitudedaily.com

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Wednesday, December 2, 2020

Dec. 2/2020

Feature:

Sea Otter

"Sea otters are a charismatic marine mammal found in the north east Pacific Ocean. As a keystone species, sea otters are a critical member of the kelp forest ecosystems they live in. They are foragers, mostly eating hard-shelled invertebrates such as sea urchins. By keeping the population of kelp-grazing sea urchins to a minimum, sea otters are vital to the health & stability of the kelp forest, & in turn, all the species that depend on kelp forests for survival. Sea otters are preyed upon by bald eagles, orcas, & sharks...

DISTRIBUTION- North east Pacific Ocean

ECOSYSTEM/HABITAT- Shallow, coastal waters; often found in kelp canopies

FEEDING HABITS- Carnivores & foragers

CONSERVATION STATUS- Endangered/Threatened/Special Concern...

TAXONOMY- Order Carnivora (carnivores); Family Mustelidae (weasels)

Lifecycle- Sea otters are mammals & reach sexual maturity around 3 years of age for females & around 5-6 years for males, living to 15-20 years of age. Sea otter pups are usually born from April to July, though it can occur any time of year, & they after often born in the water! Females typically only have a single pup at a time, nursing them while floating on their backs. With a light yellowish-brown fur, pups usually only weigh around 2kg at birth.

Fishing- Historically, sea otters ranged from Mexico, all the way through the north east Pacific to Japan, but they were driven to the brink of extinction by the fur trade that began in the 1700s. By 1929, they were locally extinct, or extirpated, from British Columbia. Recognized as an important species for the health of the ecosystem, 89 sea otters were successfully reintroduced to British Columbia’s Checleset Bay between 1969 & 1972. Since then, there have been ongoing protective measures, leading to a population of over 6500 – & still growing! Today, sea otters are protected by law & can be found all along the west coast of Vancouver Island & part of the central coast of British Columbia."

                      

https://oceana.ca/

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