July 22/2026

                                 

Pet Boa Constrictor Care Sheet

By Maria Zayas, DVM

Published Aug. 18/2023

Boa Constrictor Species Overview

The term “boa constrictor” is used to describe members of the Boidae family of snakes, which consists of over 40 species of nonvenomous constrictors. Boas can be found in South America, Central America, & the Caribbean. 

Boas are usually calm, solitary snakes but will hiss loudly if they feel threatened. To detect prey, boas have heat-sensing pits on the sides of their heads & small, hook shaped teeth that help them hang on to prey while they constrict around them.

Male boas are smaller, averaging 4 feet in length, than the females which grow to an average of 5 feet long. They have thick bodies with arrow shaped heads that have distinct stripes running from their snouts to the back of the head.

These snakes also have cream- to gray-colored bodies with markings including ovals, circles or diamonds which are red, green, or yellow with a black outline. These patterns serve as camouflage in the wild. 

Boa Constrictor Characteristics 

Difficulty of Care - Intermediate 

Average Lifespan - Up to 30 years with proper care 

Average Adult Size - Up to 6 feet long, depending on species 

Diet - Carnivore 

Minimum Habitat Size - 20+ gallons for juveniles; 75+ gallons for adults, depending on the length of the snake’s body 

Pet Boa Constrictor Supply Checklist

To keep a boa happy & healthy, pet parents should have these basic supplies on hand: 

- Appropriately-sized habitat (20+ gallons for juveniles; 75+ gallons for adults, depending on the length of the snake’s body) 

- Substrate 

- Sphagnum moss 

- Water dish 

- Hideaway place 

- Climbing decor 

- Plants 

- Heat light/emitter 

- Heat fixture 

- Under-tank heater 

- Thermometers 

- Humidity gauge 

- Low-level UV bulb 

- UV bulb fixture 

- Separate feeding tank 

Boa Constrictor Habitat

Boas need a well-ventilated habitat that's secured with a screened lid to prevent escapes. The habitat should be large enough for a boa to stretch out fully & exercise comfortably.

At a minimum, juvenile boas can comfortably live in a 20-gallon long enclosure (30” L x 12” W x 12” H). As the snake enters adulthood, the size of the habitat must be increased to accommodate its growth.  

A boa will reach its adult side within 3–5 years with proper care. Boas can reach lengths of up to 6 feet long in adulthood, & pet parents must be prepared to maintain an enclosure that’s at least the same length as the snake’s body.

Setting Up Your Habitat 

Boas are solitary animals that should be housed alone. Keeping more than one boa in the same habitat can encourage stress, aggression, & competition.

Temperature 

Boas need a thermal gradient in their enclosure so they can warm up & cool down as needed. The recommended temperature for the warm end of a boa’s habitat is 90­–95 F, while the cooler/nighttime end should be kept around 75–80 F. Tank temperatures should not fall below 80 F at night. 

Check the temperatures of your boa’s habitat daily. At least 2 thermometers—one in the warm area & one in the cool area—should be placed in the enclosure so that both zones can be checked at once. A digital point-&-shoot thermometer can also be used to read habitat temperatures instantly. 

Light & Heat Sources 

Install an over-the-tank basking lamp with a heat bulb to supply radiant heat in your snake’s habitat. The wattage needed for the bulb depends on the size of the enclosure, the distance of the bulb from the snake, & the ambient temperature of the room where the enclosure is kept. Adjust the wattage of the bulb to maintain the recommended temperature gradient within the tank.

Note: Some light bulbs provide not only light to the tank but also heat &/or ultraviolet (UV) light.

When adding heat support to your boa’s tank, keep a few things in mind: 

Heat sources should be attached to a thermostat to keep temperatures within a safe & comfortable range.  

In some climates, under-tank heating pads can be used with over-tank heating bulbs to maintain appropriate tank temperatures. Under-tank heat mats must always be attached to a thermostat to help ensure that pets sitting on them do not get burned. 

Never use hot rocks as a heat source, as they can burn reptiles. 

Lightbulbs should never be placed inside a snake’s habitat & should instead be suspended above the enclosure with a light fixture. Otherwise, the snake may try to curl itself around the bulb, causing severe burns.

Although boas are nocturnal animals, daily exposure to UVA/UVB light can improve immune system function & promote normal behavior in all reptiles. As a rule of thumb, you should provide your boa 10–12 hours of UV light daily to imitate natural sunlight. 

UV lights should be placed about 12–18 inches from where the reptile sits. Replace lights every 6 months as their potency wanes over time. 

White lights should not be left on continuously, as it will disrupt the snake’s natural sleep cycle & negatively affect their overall health. At night, turn off lights inside the snake’s enclosure, or switch to a nocturnal or infrared light to ensure the snake can rest. 

Humidity 

Boas need humidity in their environment to stay hydrated, support their respiratory systems, & encourage healthy shed cycles.

The ideal humidity range for a boa’s habitat is 40% to 60%. During shedding cycles, increase the enclosure’s humidity to around 70%. Use a hygrometer (humidity gauge) to measure the enclosure’s humidity every day. 

During shedding, add a humid hide packed with moistened sphagnum moss to your boa’s habitat to boost humidity levels in the enclosure. Be sure to change the moss frequently to prevent mold growth. 

Substrate 

Ideally, there should be enough substrate at the bottom of a boa’s enclosure to allow for digging, burrowing, & hiding. Paper-based bedding, cypress mulch, coconut husk, & Aspen wood shavings are all suitable choices for substrate.

Pine & cedar chips should not be used, as they have oils that can irritate a snake’s skin & cause respiratory illness. Reptile carpet should also be avoided, as it is too abrasive & will prevent the snake from digging & burying. 

If aspen is used as a substrate, it must be replaced weekly to prevent the bedding from getting excessively wet or soiled.  

If wood shavings, mulch, or coconut husk bedding of any kind is used, the snake should be fed in a separate enclosure without any substrate. Otherwise, the snake may accidentally consume bedding particles that are indigestible & can cause gastrointestinal obstruction. 

Decor & Accessories 

Hiding Area

Provide your boa with at least 2 hiding areas—one kept on the warmer side of the enclosure & one on the cooler side. Aside from offering the snake some privacy, hideouts can help boas regulate their body temperature, as they give the snake a space away from their enclosure’s direct basking area. 

Monitor your snake's behavior to be sure they are not hiding constantly, as they won’t have a chance to benefit from UV exposure. 

Synthetic or natural wood hiding logs are recommended. Hiding logs should always be large enough for the snake to fit inside comfortably. Increase the size of their hideout boxes as your boa grows. 

Climbing Branches & Shelves

Some boa species are “semi-arboreal,” meaning that they enjoy climbing trees in their natural habitats. Climbing branches & shelves can be installed in their habitat to enrich the snake’s environment & encourage exercise. 

Ensure that any branches installed in a boa’s habitat are sturdy & strong enough to support the snake’s body weight. Otherwise, the branch could topple over & potentially cause injury. 

For larger/heavier snakes, shelves can be a safer & sturdier option than branches. 

Moss

Add moistened sphagnum moss to the inside of a hideout box kept on the warm side of a boa’s enclosure to create a humid hide. Moss holds moisture well & can aid in healthy shedding. Moss should be replaced often to prevent mold from forming. 

Plants & Terrarium Background

Adding plants & a terrarium background to a snake’s enclosure can enrich the snake’s environment & add some aesthetic flair. Make sure that any live plants added to the enclosure are non-toxic.

Cleaning & Maintenance for Boas

A boa’s habitat needs to be cleaned & disinfected at least once a week with either a habitat cleaner or a 3% bleach solution. Always wash your hands before & after handling your snake or the habitat’s contents, as all reptiles are potential carriers of infectious diseases. 

To clean a boa’s habitat, take these steps: 

Move the snake to a secure environment. Remove any old substrate, decor, & accessories from the habitat. 

Scrub the empty tank & any furnishings with a reptile habitat cleaner or 3% bleach solution. The bleach solution should stay on the habitat for at least 10 minutes to ensure that the surfaces are disinfected properly. If using a commercial habitat cleaner, follow the manufacturer's instructions. 

Rinse the habitat & accessories thoroughly with water, making sure to remove any trace amounts or residual smells left by the cleaning agent or bleach solution.  

Allow the habitat & its contents to dry completely before placing new substrate & clean accessories into the habitat. 

Return the snake to the clean habitat. 

What Do Boa Constrictors Eat?

Boas feed on whole, thawed frozen rodents, such as mice & rats. Boas should always have access to fresh, clean water. Because boas are nocturnal feeders, offer food at night & use feeding tongs rather than fingers. 

A nutritious & well-balanced boa diet consists of appropriately sized frozen rodents.

A boa’s ideal feeding schedule will depend on its age, size, & activity level. Juvenile boas should be fed once a week, while adults only need to be fed every one to 2 weeks. Baby snakes can be fed every other day. 

Begin baby snakes on a diet of “pinkies,” or young & nearly hairless mice. Juveniles can be fed “hoppers,” which are about half the size of adult mice. As the boa grows into adulthood, they can be transitioned to a diet of larger mice & rats. 

Prey should be around the same size as the snake’s width at mid-body. For example, if the snake’s midsection is 1.5 inches in diameter, their prey should also be no wider than 1.5 inches. 

Fresh, clean water should always be available & replaced daily.  

Since reptiles absorb water through their skin to stay hydrated, especially during shedding periods, their water dishes should be large & shallow enough to allow them to soak.

Pet Boa Constrictor Feeding Guidelines 

Live prey should not be fed. While still alive, rodents can become aggressive & deal severe wounds that lead to life-threatening infections.

Ideally, feeding sessions should take place in a separate enclosure. That way, the snake will not learn to associate their pet parent’s hand or the opening of their usual habitat with feeding. Instead of their fingers, you should use long feeding tongs to offer food to your snake. 

How To Thaw Frozen Prey 

To thaw frozen prey, take these steps: 

Remove the needed number of food items from the bag. 

Put the frozen food in a sealed plastic bag & place it in a thawing container filled with cold water. The thawing container should only be used for preparing your reptile’s frozen meals. 

Keep the food in the water until it thaws. Discard the cold water. 

Refill the thawing container with warm water. 

Place the thawed prey, still in the sealed plastic bag, in the warm water. Allow it to soak for 10–15 minutes before discarding the water. 

Just before feeding, run nearly hot water over the thawed food to warm it above room temperature. 

Remove the thawed food from the container & plastic bag.  

Using feeding tongs, offer the food to the pet right away. 

Remember: Never use a microwave to thaw or warm frozen rodents, & never offer food that's still frozen to a pet. Frozen food that is not consumed should never be re-frozen for future use, as this encourages bacteria to form in the food.  

Avoid preparing frozen rodents in the same area that used to prepare food for personal consumption. If this is unavoidable, be sure to disinfect the area thoroughly after use. 

Boa Snake Grooming & Care

Boas shed their skin regularly. Healthy snakes should shed their skin in one complete piece. 

During shedding periods, keep your boa’s tank at a suitable humidity level (70%) to encourage a proper shed. 

A snake’s eye caps, also called its spectacles, should come off with the rest of their shed skin. If the eye caps do not fall off, do not try to remove them & instead consult a veterinarian. 

Boas may become irritable & lose interest in eating while shedding. They should not be handled during shedding. 

Boas can soak themselves in a shallow, open water dish to help them shed. Damp paper towels & moistened sphagnum moss should be placed in the snake’s enclosure to encourage healthy shedding.

If they aren’t soaking on their own, soak your snake for 10–15 minutes, 2 to 3 times a week. Mist your boa daily to support proper hydration. 

Boa Constrictor Veterinary Care

Annual Care

Boas should be seen by a veterinarian once annually. They can be transported using a ventilated plastic lidded bin, with or without a snake bag. These can be purchased or designed from materials in your home.

It is recommended to take pictures of their enclosure, diet, heaters, & lights so your veterinarian can evaluate their husbandry as part of the exam.

Signs of a Healthy Boa Snake

- Clean, clear, bright eyes

- Intact skin

- No swellings, lumps, or bumps

- Regular flicking of the tongue

- Relaxed demeanor

- Good muscle mass throughout body

- Ability to hold weight by wrapping around appropriate items

- Clean vent

When to Call a Vet

Eyes that are cloudy, dull, swollen, sunken, have discharge, or have stuck shed

Pink blisters, ulcerations, or other lesions on the skin

Stuck shed

Lumps, bumps, or swellings

Lethargy

Decreased appetite or anorexia

Paralysis of any portion of the body

Muscle atrophy

Discharge, staining, or protrusions at the vent

Common Illnesses in Boa Constrictors

Stomatitis (mouth rot) or other oral infections

Burns

Inclusion body disease

Skin infections

Internal & external parasites

Respiratory infections

Dystocia (stuck eggs)

Trauma

Dysecdysis (stuck shed)

Bite wounds from prey

GI obstruction

Constipation

GI infection

Boa Constrictor FAQs

Are boa constrictors easy to care for?

Boas can be tricky to care for because they grow so large & live for so long. It takes a large commitment to keep these animals, though their daily upkeep is simple if it’s within your skillset.

How do you take care of a boa?

Boas need special care taken to maintain the temperature & humidity levels of their enclosure, proper diet, & design of the enclosure. Their space needs to be secure, give them room to move, climb, & settle, in addition to having several hiding areas.

What do boas need in their tank?

Boas need a heavy water bowl large enough to soak in but not tip over, maintained humidity, & temperature levels using sensors, substrate, hide boxes, objects to climb, & heat bulbs to create a temperature gradient for basking.

What temperature should a boa be kept at?

A boa enclosure needs to be about 80–85 F with a basking area of about 90–95 F.

Do boa constrictors like to be held?

Most boas do like to be handled, especially with practice.

How often should I handle my boa?

Boas can be handled once daily, but nervous or new boas would prefer should be left alone initially, with handling practice only a couple times a week.

Pet Boa Constrictor Care Sheet | PetMD

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July 15/2026

                                 

Can You Hurt Your Cat’s Feelings?

By Hannah Hart, DVM

Published Sep. 4/ 2025

Cats are often portrayed as aloof, independent creatures who are primarily concerned with their own needs & don’t form powerful bonds with humans or other cats. However, evidence contradicts this belief, showing that cats feel a wide range of emotions. 

For example, a 2023 study found that cats can produce 276 different facial expressions, & a 2020 study discovered cats use visual & sound cues to detect how both humans & other cats are feeling so they can respond in kind. 

To have the best possible bond with your cat, it’s important to understand feline emotions & set up your cat’s home environment to promote feelings of contentment & to prevent anxiety, fear, & depression. 

Do Cats Have Feelings?

Yes, cats do have feelings. While we don’t have enough data yet to fully understand how complex a cat’s feelings may be, we do know that they’re capable of feeling at least a few simple emotions, such as:  

Fear 

Anxiety 

Depression 

Boredom 

Contentment 

We can also impact cats’ emotions. Research from the 2020 study indicates that cats may become more anxious when their trusted humans show signs of anger rather than happiness, demonstrating that cats can feel upset when their human family members are.  

The 2023 study also found that cats use hundreds of facial expressions to either associate positively or show feelings of aggression toward other cats. These different facial expressions demonstrate that cats do have emotions that influence their body language and behavior.  

Can You Hurt a Cat’s Feelings?

Yes. Because cats are so keenly aware of our emotions & sensitive to changes in their surroundings, it is possible to hurt your cat’s feelings, so to speak.  

Common ways we might make our cats feel anxious, afraid, or depressed include: 

Loud noises or raised voices 

Sudden changes in routine 

Moving their litter box to a new location 

New people or pets at home 

Changes in their feeding schedule or in the amount of food they receive 

Physically punishing your cat, such as using a spray bottle or yelling at them, can similarly make a cat feel afraid & want to avoid you.  

Additionally, being too aggressive with affection can also make your cat feel scared & anxious, such as picking them up if they don’t like to be held or trying to pet them when they want personal space.  

Cats do often crave connection with us through play & quality time when they’re in the mood. Thus, cats who don’t get enough play & mental stimulation can become bored & may stop seeking out human companionship. 

Signs You’re Hurting Your Cat’s Feelings

When your cat is feeling anxious, bored, or neglected, you may notice some changes in their overall activity level & behavior.  

For example, when your cat is feeling negative emotions, they may: 

Hide more 

Sleep more 

Play & interact with you less 

Pee & poop outside the litter box 

Eat & drink less 

Experience vomiting & diarrhea 

Groom themselves less 

Become aggressive 

Vocalize more 

Change their body posture (become tense, with flattened ears, wide pupils, & a puffed-up tail with lips pulled back to bare teeth & whiskers flattened or splayed out in multiple directions instead of curved downward in a relaxed posture).

How To Bond With Your Cat

Once you know what hurts your cat’s feelings, you can make changes to prevent that negativity in the future. Here is what you can do to best support your cat’s feelings. 

1. Stick To a Routine

Establish a daily routine. This routine may include: 

Playing 

Feeding 

Scooping the litter box 

Brushing 

Going to bed at the same time every day 

2. Maintain a Consistent Environment

Keeping your cat’s food & water bowls, litter box, & cat trees in the same location is also helpful.  

Additionally, make sure they have access to their favorite toys, views of the outdoors, & comfortable bedding at all times. 

Keeping noise levels to a minimum can also keep your cat happy.  

3. Spend Time Together, But Respect Their Boundaries

Some cats may enjoy your company, like sitting on your lap or next to you on a favorite couch or chair.  

However, know when your cat needs their space. Don’t force petting, cuddling, or quality time when they’re not in the mood for it. Always offer an area for your cat to decompress when needed, such as a comfortable hiding spot with access to a litter box, food, & water, perches, & toys. 

4. Play More Often

Most cats benefit from at least 10–15 minutes of interactive play with their humans every day, & some highly active cats may need 2 or 3 additional sessions spaced throughout the day. 

Some good options for interactive play include wand toys, catnip, or toys that mimic hunting prey. 

You can even turn play sessions into training sessions with a clicker & high-value treats, such as Temptations. Training gives them a mental workout while improving their bond with you. 

5. Use Calming Products

There are also several calming products you can use to improve your cat’s mood & help them feel more relaxed around you. These include calming pheromone diffusers such as Feliway Multicat & calming supplements like Purina Calming Care probiotic powder, Vetoquinol Zylkene capsules, & Nutramax Solliquin chews.  

It can take about 6 to 8 weeks to see a noticeable effect from these products, but they can be a good long-term investment in your cat’s emotional well-being.  

https://www.petmd.com/cat/general-health/can-you-hurt-your-cats-feelings?utm_source=NewsletterSubscribers&utm_medium=Email&utm_content=Newsletter&utm_campaign=Newslett

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July 8/2026

                                

Meet Casper The Owl, A 'Natural Mother' To 500 Rescued Babies

By Katy Kroll  

May 21/2026 

Meet Casper, the amazing great horned owl who made headlines as an international news story on CBC News after helping raise hundreds of orphaned owlets at a wildlife rehab center in British Columbia. Since winding up at the facility in 1999 after being caught in a trap, which left her unable to survive in the wild due to the loss of talons, the unlikely foster mom has helped over 500 fledglings learn the skills they need in order to be re-released into the wild.

In the video, we see Casper in her special enclosure at the Orphaned Wildlife Rehabilitation Society in Delta, where she has taken all those orphaned owlets under her wing to feed & teach critical skills like flying, catching prey, & being wary of humans. "She's got a little edge to her," laughs one rehab worker in the video, noting that that "edge" gives the babies she fosters the best possible chance at survival. Casper's enduring commitment to the cause proves there's nothing like a mother's love, even in the animal kingdom.

The typical habitats of the great horned owl

Great horned owls are one of the most prevalent & adaptable birds of prey in North America, living anywhere from forests & wetlands to suburban backyards & city parks. They don't build their own nests, so they often repurpose abandoned nests, roost in trees, or find shelter in artificial structures. Once there, they take up permanent residence, usually staying in the same territory year-round.

While you can often hear them, they can be hard to spot, despite their impressive size. The best time of day to look for them, though, is at dusk, when they wake up & start hunting, & the best season to spot them is winter, when there's less foliage, allowing for a better view.

That said, these owls often wind up at wildlife rehab facilities for various reasons, mainly due to human-caused trauma like poisoning, vehicle collisions, or entanglements. So, if you're ever really itching to see one up close, research nearby wildlife facilities that are open to the public that may have some on display. 

Read More: https://www.cuteness.com/2175383/casper-the-owel-deemed-natural-mother-to-500-rescued-babies-video/

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July 1/2026

                             
Can Guinea Pigs Eat Apples?

Sandra C. Mitchell, DVM, DABVP

Published Mar. 19/2026

Guinea pigs can eat apples, but only in moderation as an occasional treat.

A healthy guinea pig diet should primarily consist of hay, grasses, & leafy green vegetables, which provide the nutrients needed for proper digestion & overall health. Fruits can be offered occasionally, but they should not replace staple foods.

Are Apples Good for Guinea Pigs?

Apples can be a nutritious treat for guinea pigs when fed in small amounts.

They contain beneficial nutrients such as:

-Vitamin C

-Fiber

-B vitamins

-Antioxidants (flavonoids)

However, apples are also high in natural sugar, which can be harmful if fed too frequently or in large quantities. For this reason, apples should never become a regular part of your guinea pig’s daily diet.

The foundation of a healthy guinea pig diet should remain:

-Timothy hay (primary food source)

-Leafy green vegetables

S-mall amounts (1–2 tablespoons) of timothy-based guinea pig pellets

Can Guinea Pigs Eat Apple With Skin?

Yes, guinea pigs can safely eat apple skin, & it contains many of the fruit’s key nutrients.

The skin is especially rich in fiber & potassium, which contribute to the overall health benefits of apples.

However, some guinea pigs may not like the texture or taste of the skin. In these cases, peeling the apple is an option—but keep in mind that doing so removes much of the fiber & reduces some of the nutritional value.

If your guinea pig refuses apple with the skin, you can try offering a small peeled piece, but leaving the skin on is generally the more nutritious choice.

Can Guinea Pigs Eat Apple Seeds?

Apple seeds should be removed before feeding apples to guinea pigs.

Seeds can pose a choking hazard & contain small amounts of cyanide, which can be harmful in large quantities. While accidentally ingesting a small, well-chewed seed is unlikely to cause problems, it is safest to remove all seeds before offering apples to your guinea pig.

Can Guinea Pigs Eat Cooked Apples?

Cooked apples are safe for guinea pigs if no added ingredients are included.

Apples that are baked or stewed can be offered as long as they are plain & free of sugar, cinnamon, nutmeg, & other additives.

However, cooking reduces the nutritional value of apples. For this reason, cooked apples should be considered an occasional treat rather than a regular part of your guinea pig’s diet.

Can Guinea Pigs Eat Wild Apples?

Guinea pigs can eat most varieties of apples, including wild apples, with a few precautions.

Many wild apples are more tart & acidic, which may be less appealing to guinea pigs & cause mouth irritation if eaten in excess.

If you have access to a sweet, pesticide-free apple tree, you can safely offer small amounts of fruit.

Apple tree branches are also beneficial for guinea pigs. They provide chewing enrichment, support dental health, & offer mental stimulation.

Leaves can remain on the branch & may be eaten as an additional snack.

Can Guinea Pigs Be Allergic to Apples?

Allergies to apples in guinea pigs are very rare, but food intolerance is more common.

Instead of a true allergy, some guinea pigs may have difficulty digesting apples. This can lead to:

-Upset stomach

-Bloating

-Diarrhea

If your guinea pig shows any of these signs after eating apple, stop feeding apples (& other fruits & vegetables) immediately & increase their intake of timothy hay, which helps support digestion.

Mild digestive upset often resolves quickly with this adjustment. However, if diarrhea lasts more than 24 hours or your guinea pig appears lethargic or unwell, contact your veterinarian right away. Diarrhea in guinea pigs can be life-threatening.

If your guinea pig does not tolerate apple well at first, you may be able to try a smaller portion in the future to see if it is better tolerated.

How Much Apple Can a Guinea Pig Eat?

Guinea pigs should only eat small amounts of apple as an occasional treat due to its high sugar content.

A typical serving is about one ½-inch cube, up to twice per week, as long as your guinea pig tolerates it well & does not develop diarrhea.

Guinea pigs benefit from a variety of fresh foods, but these should be introduced gradually. Fresh fruits & vegetables can total about ½ cup per day, but only after your guinea pig has adjusted to them.

To keep your guinea pig healthy:

-Introduce new foods slowly

-Monitor for digestive upset

-Remove any uneaten fruit after 24 hours

-Always provide fresh replacements

-Remember, the foundation of your guinea pig’s diet should always be timothy hay & grasses.

How To Safely Feed Apples to Your Guinea Pig

The safest way to feed apples to your guinea pig is to offer small, fresh, plain pieces.

Before feeding your cavy apples, be sure to thoroughly wash them.

Some guinea pigs—especially those that are ill—may enjoy a small amount of homemade applesauce, but it must not contain sugar, spices, or flavorings.

Another fun option is to make a small “apple salad” by combining leafy greens (such as spinach or kale) with small pieces of apple & other safe vegetables like carrots or celery.

Just be sure to keep fruit portions limited & avoid overfeeding.

What To Avoid

Guinea pigs should not be fed:

-Baked goods (such as muffins or cakes)

-Dried apples or dried fruit (choking hazard & high sugar content)

-Store-bought applesauce, canned apples, or pie fillings (often contain additives)

-Frozen or processed apple products with added ingredients.

What Other Foods Can Guinea Pigs Eat?

Guinea pigs are herbivores & require a diet primarily made up of hay & high-fiber plant foods.

In the wild, guinea pigs eat grasses & other fibrous vegetation, & their digestive systems are not designed to handle large amounts of sugar, carbohydrates, or even excessive pellets.

For optimal health, your guinea pig’s diet should consist mainly of timothy hay & grasses.

To provide balanced nutrition, you can also include:

-Small amounts of timothy-based pellets

-Fresh vegetables & fruits (introduced gradually)

If your guinea pig is not used to fresh foods, introduce them slowly over several weeks, working up to about ½ cup per day of fruits & vegetables combined.

Leafy greens can be fed in larger quantities, including:

-Kale

-Romaine lettuce

-Green a& red leaf lettuce

Other safe foods include:

-Blueberries

-Green pepper

-Pumpkin

-Tomato

-Squash

-Broccoli

-Cauliflower

-Endive

-Carrot tops

-Beet greens

-Kiwi

-Pear

-Mango

-Strawberries

-Asparagus

-Melon

-Cilantro

-Zucchini

-Oranges

Offering a variety of vegetables & fruits helps support a well-balanced diet, but high-sugar foods should always be given in moderation.

Frequently Asked Questions About Apples & Guinea Pigs

Can guinea pigs eat apples every day?

No, guinea pigs should not eat apples every day. Apples are high in sugar & should only be given as an occasional treat, about 1–2 times per week in small portions.

What happens if a guinea pig eats too much apple?

Too much apple can cause digestive upset, including diarrhea & bloating. If symptoms occur, stop feeding fruit & increase hay intake. Contact a veterinarian if symptoms persist beyond 24 hours.

Can Guinea Pigs Eat Apples? Safe Feeding Guide | PetMD

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June 24/2026

                                   
These Adorable Toy Dog Breeds Are Like Owning A Puppy Forever

By Asia Mayfield  

Aug. 31/ 2025 

All dogs are lovable & cute, but puppies are especially adorable. Their meltingly sweet eyes, tiny bodies, & zany energy can be irresistible, but some of that puppy charm naturally changes as the dog gets older — unless, of course, you have a toy breed at your side. Toy breeds are easy to spot because they weigh under 10 pounds even as adults, looking like puppies their entire lives.

Many toy breeds were bred to be companions, so they can act like loving puppies, too. Historically, toy breeds were often found in royal households across Europe & Asia, & they're known for being affectionate & inquisitive. Now, city dwellers are most likely to be associated with these tiny dogs, as their size & friendly demeanor make them perfect for apartments. In fact, toy breeds are so adaptable that you can find one to fit almost any lifestyle. You might even see a teensy chihuahua being carried in a purse or a fluffy dog like a Pomeranian being pushed in a stroller. Ultimately, people fawn over these toy breeds because they retain their puppy aura forever, & we're breaking down 15 unique dogs from this category in case you want to join the toy train.

The Chinese crested is small, playful dog breed that loves people

Someone with a Chinese crested dog will rarely have the biggest pooch at the dog park, but they might have the most noticeable one. Chinese crested dogs can be hairless with spotted skin & a few long tufts of hair, or they can have a silky, elegant coat. Either way, they're visually striking & bound to get attention. The breed's unique looks alone are enough to justify a fan club, but it has something even better: incredible energy & a charming, puppy-like personality.

Members of the r/chinesecrested Subreddit frequently describe their dogs as "loving" & "smart." Many even call their furry companions "Velcro dogs" because they're so loyal & attached. Puppies can sleep for up to 20 hours & then spend just a handful of hours interacting with its favorite humans. An adult Chinese crested might spend even more time engaging with people because it sleeps less & doesn't desire much alone time.

Pomeranians are the cutest fluffballs

Adopting a Pomeranian means you'll never have to worry about your adorable puppy outgrowing your lap. Even the largest pom typically weighs less than 8 pounds. Looks-wise, these tiny fluffballs can be mistaken for puppies their entire lives, & if you're unfamiliar with adult Pomeranians, you could even play with one and think you were romping with a puppy. It's easy to be fooled by the abundant charm & affectionate nature.

Pomeranians are so playful & cute that the top Pom on Instagram, Jiffpom, has almost 9 million followers! One fan said Jiffpom is "an actual walking stuffed animal & we're in love," another called him "the most adorable doggie ever." He's appeared on TV, in a movie, & in Katy Perry's "Dark Horse" music video. At 15 years old, Jiffpom is the perfect example of the breed's enduring puppy-ish appeal.

Toy poodles are one of the most iconic small dog breeds

The poodle has the refined beauty of an aristocrat, but don't let its regal bearing give you the wrong idea. Full-sized poodles are champion swimmers that were bred to hunt ducks. Toy poodles are too little to be effective hunters, but they retain classic poodle athleticism. They're tiny, fluffy balls of energy that are especially beloved because they act like puppies forever. They're eager & curious, & they're even rated "lovey-dovey" by the American Kennel Club!

If that weren't enough, toy poodles are also incredibly smart. Groups dedicated to the breed often highlight how these dogs are easy to train & almost seem human. Some pet parents even say that having a poodle is like having a toddler. "Having a poodle is more akin to having an intelligent child rather than a dog," one person wrote on the r/poodles Subreddit. This intelligence is another reason why your toy poodle might remind you of a puppy for life. It's always happy to learn, just like a pup that's still figuring out its world.

Cavalier King Charles spaniels have been beloved small dogs for centuries

If you love Cavalier King Charles spaniels, you're in good company. Floppy-eared & full of spunk, these eternal puppies have been adored by royalty. King Charles II of England loved his spaniels so much that he took them to court meetings, & their bond is cemented in the breed's name. Queen Victoria was also enamored with spaniels. She fell in love with a King Charles Spaniel named Dash, who acted like the queen's shadow, following her everywhere & receiving royal treatment. The dog was even a popular painting subject at the time, so you can still be charmed by his endearing good looks.

The 19th century might have had Dash, but we have Instagram-famous Cavalier King Charles spaniels like Penny & Pippin. Penny is 9 years old & just as cute now as when she was a puppy, while Pippin is nearly 3 & so stinkin' adorable. You'll love this breed's personality as well. People describe Cavalier King Charles spaniels as cuddle bugs that are happy around kids, strangers, & other dogs. They tend to act like sweet, trusting puppies forever.

Havanese dogs are tiny and require a lot of attention

Are you searching for a cuddle buddy? Try adopting a Havanese. These dogs may not be the most energetic among the toy breeds, but it would be hard to find friendlier creatures. Their exuberant warmth is as comforting as a puppy's, whether they're 1 year old or 10. They also love to play, happily starting a game with you, your neighbors, your kids, or anyone else they encounter. Small breeds are sometimes great watchdogs, but the Havanese is far too sociable & fun to play that role well.

Visually, these dogs almost look like cartoon puppies because they're so cute. Their tiny size helps, but that's not the only reason they seem to have eternal youth on their side. Havanese dogs have endearing faces that are often turned lovingly toward their families, just as puppies eagerly watch their moms. But instead of trying to learn from you, a Havanese keeps its eye on you because it loves you & wants to please. Users on the r/Havanese Subreddit share that they rarely leave their "Velcro dogs" for more than 6 hours at a time because the dogs need attention, but they can be trained to spend several hours without you.

Pekingese dogs are one of the most mischievous toy breeds

Legend says that Pekingese dogs are lions turned small by the Buddha. Their long, puffy hair can even resemble a lion's mane from a distance, but these tiny dogs are much gentler than big cats. Pekingese are known for being intelligent, affectionate, & quite opinionated. Combine these traits with their diminutive stature, & you get a breed that stays like a puppy forever. The Pekingese also has the mischievousness of a spunky puppy. A dog like a Havanese will adapt to any situation & happily greet new people, while a pekingese may avoid small children & stick to its family.

Part of the joy of having a puppy is that you get a loyal best friend who lives for cuddling & can fit in your lap. When you adopt a Pekingese, you can experience that joy throughout the dog's entire life. That's why these dogs are often brought to stores & restaurants. For instance, famous figures like Elizabeth Taylor & Joan Rivers were known for going about in public with their Pekingese pups.

Papillons are a small but athletic dog breed

If you look at their large, adorable ears, it's no surprise that Papillons are inquisitive creatures. They hear everything, & they want to be involved, just like puppies. They were originally bred to be the companions of rich & titled Renaissance-era women who wanted small, good-natured pets. These dogs resemble puppies because that's the look that the noblewomen wanted. However, despite their teensy size, Papillons have quite the rugged streak. They're rough-&-tumble dogs that flourish in most environments & are extremely athletic. If you want to see a Papillon in action, just go to a dog show. You're sure to find one zipping through an obstacle course.

If you prefer to fawn over the breed's calmer characteristics, head to Instagram & follow the antics of 4-year-old Bimba. She's not a puppy anymore, but she still has all of her youthful good looks. Most pictures even show the big, puppy-like smile that fans adore.

Russian toy dogs balance cuteness with high energy

The Russian toy is among the smallest dogs on this list. Its maximum healthy weight is just 6.5 pounds. Looking at one of these tiny canines can evoke the same emotions that looking at a puppy does, regardless of the Russian toy's age. In both cases, there's a sense of sweetness & vulnerability. Russian toys are so dainty & fine-boned that you have to be careful about keeping them around small children. Little ones can unintentionally hurt this breed by being too rough with it.

Russian toys are delicate, yet they're also fairly energetic & sprightly. A happy Russian toy can keep you entertained all day with bouts of dog zoomies & bouncy play. One pet parent even claimed on the r/terrier Subreddit that they've "never" met a "lazy [Russian toy]." Don't worry about having to go on long walks or grueling treks, though. Because they're the size of little puppies, it doesn't take much to exercise a Russian toy. A 20-minute walk & a few games of fetch in the living room are enough to keep them healthy & happy.

Maltese dogs will make you want to pet them all the time

Maltese dogs are almost as small as Russian toys, with the average adult weighing less than 7 pounds. You might even find a fully grown, healthy Maltese that weighs just 4 pounds. The breed's minuscule size & devoted nature are reminiscent of a puppy in all the best ways. Owners on the r/Maltese Subreddit say their dogs look like puppies & have the "cutest sad puppy eye look." You can emphasize your dog's young look even more by giving your Maltese a short puppy cut. These dogs naturally have long, silky white hair that trails on the ground, & the puppy cut keeps their hair short & easy to manage.

The Maltese looks like a canine model, but it's the dog's personality that's especially lovable. They're spirited, obedient, & very affectionate. You'll be enchanted by this breed if you want a furry companion that lives to be on your lap. With the Maltese, you get to relish its puppy-like behavior into old age.

Miniature pinschers stay fun & little for their whole lives

If you want a dog that will always look like a puppy but aren't a fan of lovey-dovey lap dogs, adopt a miniature pinscher. This feisty breed was once used to hunt rats, & it hasn't lost its athleticism. Having a min pin, as they're often lovingly called, means committing to giving them ample exercise. They're happy in apartments but don't want to lounge on the couch forever; after all, they're one of the most active dog breeds! The miniature pinscher is also sometimes called the "king of toys" due to its courageous & confident personality.

Don't worry; these independent dogs are still very attached to their humans. They won't cling to you, but they love being in your presence. And if you're amused by erratic puppies, you'll find a lot to appreciate in this breed. Pet parents on the r/minpin Subreddit say their adult dogs remain spry even in old age & have "loads of energy at all times." These dogs are pretty social, too. Max, a popular min pin on Instagram, is 10 years old & often pictured riding in strollers & exploring new places.

Pugs were bred to be an adorable toy dog breed

Pugs have a royal lineage that stretches back thousands of years. Many people know that the pug was an official mascot for Holland's House of Orange, but before it reached Europe, this squat-faced, muscular dog sat alongside Chinese emperors. You shouldn't expect a calm, dignified creature if you adopt a pug, however. They tend to act like happy, curious puppies all the time. Owners on the r/pugs Subreddit say their dogs are "Velcro dogs" who would willingly spend every waking moment with their families. One warns that even going to the bathroom becomes a group activity when pugs are involved. "But never have I ever encountered a creature that loves & trusts its human so absolutely," another shared.

Pugs will happily shower you with attention, but you can be warmed by the pug's appearance, too. They have the eternal puppy look that so many dog lovers appreciate. Chinese breeders bred pugs to have wrinkles, so their flat faces are tiny like a puppy's but still very unique.

Biewer terriers are a gentle & playful toy dog breed

Biewer terriers resemble puppies so much that their behavior is widely seen as reminiscent of children. They're happy to play with you or entertain themselves with their own silliness. Biewer terriers are the perfect dogs to play games like hide & seek with because they're extremely intelligent & fun, yet their play has a mellow quality that's rare in toy breeds. They're easy-going & playful rather than hyper. Members of the Friends of Rocky Mountain Biewer Terriers Facebook group are effusive with their praise, calling the breed "precious," "doll"-like, & "sweet."

These dogs resemble what they are: tiny terriers with black button noses. The length of their coat depends on your preferences. If you're willing to keep up with the maintenance, you can have a Biewer terrier with impressive, flowing hair. If you're not, you can make your Biewer terrier look more like a puppy & give it a short cut.

Shih Tzus are one of the cutest toy dog breeds around

The people-pleasing shih tzu is another long-haired show dog with gorgeous looks & an appealing personality. The puppy comparison is almost automatic because of the breed's extreme sweetness. Shih tzus are perfectly happy to spend all day cuddling with their favorite people. They're pretty much the ultimate lap dogs. They love being with family so much that many pet parents bring their shih tzus along when running errands. The Shih Tzus of Instagram group regularly features images of tiny shih tzus in stores & crowded human spaces.

All that loving energy comes with a slight downside, however. Shih tzus can suffer from separation anxiety, a condition that frequently strikes young puppies. Many toy breeds are susceptible to separation anxiety, but the delicate & sensitive shih tzus may be especially so. Fortunately, they're very comfortable around kids & other dogs, so there are plenty of potential playmates you can provide them with. You can even try out some puzzle games to keep your dog mentally stimulated between games of fetch. The breed's small legs mean it doesn't need much exercise!

Chihuahuas are a temperamental breed, but it's worth it

The itty-bitty chihuahua is one of the oldest breeds in the Americas. Its weight typically tops out at 6 pounds, meaning it has puppyish features for life. In fact, the chihuahua is so tiny that it's the poster child for the dogs-in-purses craze. On the r/Chihauhua Subreddit, one owner explained that they used to think people who carried the little dogs around in purses were silly & annoying the animals but have since realized that many dogs actually love that method of travel. Their own dog hops into their purse whenever they stand near the front door now!

Chihuahuas accept being inside purses because they cherish the closeness to their special humans. This is a devoted & loyal breed that understands its role as a lap dog. However, it isn't quite as universally friendly as some toy breeds. Chihuahuas aren't necessarily the best dog breed to have around kids & strangers. Early socialization can potentially make this better, with some pet parents even recommending spending a full year focusing on socializing your pup.

Yorkshire terriers are an energetic yet loving toy dog breed

To see why Yorkshire terriers are on this list, just look at Ducky's Instagram. Ducky is a senior Yorkie living the good life in Los Angeles. He's overwhelmingly cute & still gets comments asking if he's a puppy, which is normal for this breed. Big-eared Bally from the r/Yorkies Subreddit was over 15 years old & still playing energetic games of fetch in a 2023 video. When they're not romping, Yorkshire terriers are cuddly creatures who thrive in human company. They're a little bit mischievous, too, so you'll never be bored.

When you look at a Yorkshire terrier, you see a true representative of canine beauty. The dog's glorious, floor-length coat makes it a dog-show regular, while its attentive little face has classic terrier charm. Like most long-haired breeds, it looks more like a puppy with short hair. Long-haired Yorkies exude refinement & grace rather than impish puppy glee.

Read More: https://www.cuteness.com/1952097/adorable-toy-dog-breeds-like-owning-puppy-forever/

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